There are two species referred to as Japanese maple. These include Acer japonicum and Acer palmatum. Their location requirements are similar and differ in nuances between the different varieties.
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Light and water requirements
The Japanese maple is generally considered a sun-worshipper, although the light requirements vary depending on the variety. Many species develop intense autumn colors in sunny conditions, while other maple varieties do not tolerate direct midday sun. Good light conditions support healthy growth for all varieties, so that the trees develop a lush and dense crown. Light conditions have a significant impact on water entitlement. All maples value a balanced water balance. The brighter and sunnier the location for the Japanese maple, the higher the water requirement. If the soil in your garden is rather dry, you should choose a sunny to partially shaded place for the planting. Pay attention to the needs of each variety:
- ‘Aconitifolium’ Acer japonicum: in normal garden soil in sun to semi-shade
- ‘Cristatum’ Acer palmatum: sunny location on fresh to moist soil
- ‘Osakazuki’ Acer palmatum: well-drained, fresh to moist locations in a sunny to semi-shady position
- ‘Vitifolium’ Acer japonicum: in sunny locations on normal garden soil
- ‘Autumn Glory’ Acer palmatum: sunny to partially shaded location and moderate water requirements
wind conditions
In nature, the Japanese maple grows on forest edges where trees provide protection from strong winds. The sharp east winds in particular can damage the trees. Winds that are too strong ensure that the fine leaves tear and no longer look aesthetic. Drafts lead to leaf tip drought, which is noticeable by the tips that appear burnt. Therefore place your maple in a wind-protected place:
- west-facing walls
- Terraced slopes with higher trees and shrub hedges
- behind privacy screens
Substrate
Outdoors, the Asian Acer species feel particularly comfortable on normal garden soil. The shrubs do not tolerate calcareous substrates. The deciduous trees develop a fine root system that spreads flat in the ground and is sensitive to waterlogging. If necessary, soil improvement measures are necessary. Sandy soils are given ideal properties by adding compost, topsoil or bentonite, while heavy clay soils are loosened up with gritty sand and leaf compost is enriched. The optimal substrate is characterized by the following features:
- humic properties
- high water permeability
- sandy soil with clay content is ideal
- slightly acidic to neutral pH
Cultivation in the bucket
Maples in planters feel at home in a wind-protected and warm location. Although many varieties prefer full sun, you should avoid direct midday sun for potted plants. This leads to the trees drying out quickly, so that their vitality suffers. Ensure optimal drainage and choose a clay pot for optimal water management.
